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Rabdomiossarcoma celular em odontopediatria
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Abstract(s)
O rabdomiossarcoma é o tumor maligno de partes moles mais comum na infância. A incidência é de 4,5 casos por milhão de crianças e 50% destes ocorrem na 1ª década de vida. Localizam-se principalmente na região crânio-cervico-facial, sendo a órbita a localização mais comum. Na cavidade oral, o palato e a língua são os locais mais frequentemente envolvidos.
Apresenta comportamento clínico-biológico variado, devendo receber terapia individualizada. Classificam-se histologicamente em: embrionário, alveolar, botrióide e variantes pleomórficas, sendo o tipo histológico embrionário o mais comum.
O diagnóstico precoce é fundamental- uma anamnese pormenorizada, o exame físico detalhado e a realização de exames complementares de diagnóstico (tomografia computorizada, ressonância magnética, cintilografia óssea, ultra-som e tomografia por emissão de positrões) são determinantes nesta fase. A realização de biopsia é crucial para a caracterização de rabdomiossarcoma.
O prognóstico do rabdomiossarcoma depende do local do tumor primário, da idade do paciente, da extensão da lesão, da resseção, da presença e número de locais metastáticos, do subtipo histopatológico, bem como da biologia das células tumorais.
Deverá o Médico Dentista estar preparado para acompanhar, do ponto de vista clínico, crianças com rabdomiossarcarcoma - desde o diagnóstico até ao final do tratamento. Os impactos da patologia far-se-ão acompanhar por toda a vida, com sequelas na região crânio-cervico-facial e, por isso, em áreas anatómicas que envolvem a cavidade oral, da responsabilidade da Medicina Dentária e dos seus profissionais.
Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common malignant soft tissue tumor in childhood. The incidence is 4.5 cases per million children and 50% of these occur in the first decade of life. They are located mainly in the cranio-cervico-facial region, being the orbit the most common location. In the oral cavity, the palate and tongue are the most frequently involved sites. It presents varied clinical and biological behavior, and should receive individualized therapy. They are classified histologically in: embryonal, alveolar, botryoid and pleomorphic variants, being the histological type embryonic more common. Early diagnosis is essential - a detailed history, detailed physical examination and complementary diagnostic tests (computed tomography, magnetic resonance, bone scintigraphy, ultrasound and positron emission tomography) are decisive at this stage. The biopsy is crucial for the characterization of rhabdomyosarcoma. The prognosis of rhabdomyosarcoma depends on the site of the primary tumor, the age of the patient, the extent of the lesion, the resection, the presence and number of metastatic sites, the histopathological subtype, as well as the biology of the tumor cells. The Dentist should be prepared to follow, from a clinical point of view, children with rhabdomyosarcoma - from diagnosis to the end of treatment. The impacts of the pathology will be followed throughout life, with sequels in the cranio-cervico-facial region and, therefore, in anatomical areas that involve the oral cavity, the responsibility of the Dental Medicine and its professionals.
Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common malignant soft tissue tumor in childhood. The incidence is 4.5 cases per million children and 50% of these occur in the first decade of life. They are located mainly in the cranio-cervico-facial region, being the orbit the most common location. In the oral cavity, the palate and tongue are the most frequently involved sites. It presents varied clinical and biological behavior, and should receive individualized therapy. They are classified histologically in: embryonal, alveolar, botryoid and pleomorphic variants, being the histological type embryonic more common. Early diagnosis is essential - a detailed history, detailed physical examination and complementary diagnostic tests (computed tomography, magnetic resonance, bone scintigraphy, ultrasound and positron emission tomography) are decisive at this stage. The biopsy is crucial for the characterization of rhabdomyosarcoma. The prognosis of rhabdomyosarcoma depends on the site of the primary tumor, the age of the patient, the extent of the lesion, the resection, the presence and number of metastatic sites, the histopathological subtype, as well as the biology of the tumor cells. The Dentist should be prepared to follow, from a clinical point of view, children with rhabdomyosarcoma - from diagnosis to the end of treatment. The impacts of the pathology will be followed throughout life, with sequels in the cranio-cervico-facial region and, therefore, in anatomical areas that involve the oral cavity, the responsibility of the Dental Medicine and its professionals.
Description
Keywords
Rabdomiossarcoma pediátrico Rabdomiossarcoma da cabeça e pescoço Sarcoma de tecidos moles Pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma Head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma Soft tissue sarcoma