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- Patterns of human behaviour in public urban green spaces: on the influence of users' profiles, surrounding environment, and space designPublication . Vidal, Diogo Guedes; Patoilo Teixeira, Catarina; Fernandes, Cláudia; Olszewska-guizzo, Agnieszka; Dias, Ricardo; Vilaça, Helena; Barros, Nelson; Maia, Rui LeandroPublic urban green spaces (PUGS) play a vital role in the dense urban fabric as places of Nature-Society contact and socialization. Despite some advances in the field, the relationship between the PUGS surroundings and their users' behaviours remains unclear. This study examined the patterns of human behaviour in four PUGS of the city of Porto, on the north Portuguese coast, where the behavioural mapping method was applied. Observational data regarding 979 PUGS users' socio-demographics and behaviours were recorded on a base map and a grid between August and November 2020. The use patterns during different times of the day were disaggregated across behaviours and users' profiles, and their relationship with the surroundings and design elements was assessed with ANOVA, Chi-Square test, and Pearson correlation. The findings presented may pave the way for future studies and inform the urban planning and design of the effectiveness of new interventions, namely providing more accurate aligning between the greenspace design language with users' needs. Furthermore, this study highlights the importance of considering the sociodemographic background of PUGS users and the surroundings to guide designers and planners.
- Stay close to urban green spaces: current evidence on cultural ecosystem services provisionPublication . Vidal, Diogo Guedes; Patoilo Teixeira, Catarina; Dias, Ricardo; Fernandes, Cláudia; Filho, Walter Leal; Barros, Nelson; Maia, Rui LeandroResearch suggests that access to urban green spaces (UGS) is crucial to support public and environmental health through ecosystem services (ES) provision. However, Cultural ecosystem services (CES), due to their connections to human emotion, a deep meaning, fulfilment, and motivation, have been less studied. CES provision in UGS are central to well-being, contributing to improving mental and physical health outcomes, as well as enhancing social cohesion. Accordingly, this systematic review aims to contribute to a better understanding of CES provision by UGS.
- Qualificar para melhor intervir: identificação de tipologias de espaços verdes urbanos com base no potencial de serviços de ecossistemaPublication . Vidal, Diogo Guedes; Dias, Ricardo; Patoilo Teixeira, Catarina; Fernandes, Cláudia; Barros, Nelson; Maia, Rui LeandroOs espaços verdes urbanos (EVU) contribuem para a qualidade do ambiente nas cidades, sendo reconhecidos como uma das soluções baseadas na natureza mais eficazes na promoção da resiliência local. Além da importância ambiental são também grandes promotores de estilos de vida saudáveis contribuindo para a saúde e bem-estar dos seus utilizadores. Os líderes municipais são responsáveis pela gestão e manutenção de muitos EVU, mas as evidências atuais identificam um conhecimento limitado sobre a governança da infraestrutura verde urbana, sendo a falta de dados identificada como uma das principais restrições a uma intervenção eficiente. Perante esta lacuna, este estudo teve como objetivo identificar aglomerados de EVU tendo por base a aplicação in situ de uma grelha de avaliação do potencial de serviços de ecossistema (PSE), através de um estudo de caso de 25 EVU da cidade de Porto. Os resultados das análises estatísticas multivariadas permitem identificar como dimensões preditoras do PSE a qualidade ambiental e comodidades. Para além disso, foram validados cinco aglomerados de EVU: i) ambientalmente capacitados e socialmente expectantes, ii) socioambientalmente capacitados, iii) ambientalmente capacitados mas socialmente adinâmicos, iv) socioambientalmente incapacitados e v) socioambientalmente inexplorados. Estas evidências são úteis no desenho de intervenções mais adequadas às características dos EVU, contribuindo para o aumento do PSE e da qualidade do ambiente urbano.
- Clustering public urban green spaces through ecosystem services potential: a typology proposal for place-based interventionsPublication . Vidal, Diogo Guedes; Dias, Ricardo; Patoilo Teixeira, Catarina; Fernandes, Cláudia; Filho, Walter Leal; Barros, Nelson; Maia, Rui LeandroPublic Urban Green Spaces (PUGS) are the main drivers for increasing the quality of urban environments, potentiating local resilience, promoting sustainable lifestyles, as well as improving both the health and well-being of their users. Municipal leaders are responsible for the maintenance of PUGS. However, current evidence identifies limited knowledge about urban green infrastructure governance since the lack of data about PUGS is the main obstacle to effective intervention. Set against this background, this study aimed to identify clusters of ecosystem services potential in 25 PUGS in the city of Porto, Portugal, through a validated tool application. Multivariate techniques allowed identifying predictor dimensions of ecosystem services potential: the environmental quality and facilities. Five PUGS clusters were validated: i) Environmentally Empowered and Socially Expectant Spaces, ii) Socioenvironmentally Empowered Spaces, iii) Environmentally Empowered but Socially Un-dynamic Spaces, iv) Socioenvironmentally Disempowered Spaces, and v) Socioenvironmentally Unexplored Spaces. This typology proposal brings to the discussion a possible solution for better qualifying these spaces, as it complements PUGS type with a socioeconomic and environmental characterisation. Furthermore, these results are useful in the design of place-based intervention in PUGS, contributing to the increase of ecosystem services potential and improving urban environment quality and sustainability.
- Behavioural mapping of urban green spaces users: methodological procedures applied to Corujeira Garden (Porto, Portugal)Publication . Vidal, Diogo Guedes; Fernandes, Cláudia; Patoilo Teixeira, Catarina; Dias, Ricardo; Seixas, Paulo Castro; Barros, Nelson; Vilaça, Helena; Maia, Rui LeandroCurrent evidence states that urban green spaces (UGS) increase the quality of urban settings, enhance local resilience and promote sustainable lifestyles, being recognized as an effective nature-based-solution. The socioecological research, by combining social and ecological variables, is useful to fully explore Humans-Nature interactions. The direct observation of behaviours is a mobilized technique in socioecological research. However, two particular aspects of this technique should be further explored: the relationship of individuals with the UGS and the mapping of the behaviours that configure this relationship. The present work describes the methodological steps of the Behavioural Mapping (BM) application in a public garden located in the city of Porto regarding users’ behaviours. Preliminary findings identified that the poor quality of both urban furniture and maintenance of natural elements in the garden strongly discouraged a full enjoyment of the UGS. Also, warm areas with trees are usually preferred by users. The absence of well-maintained natural elements does not allow full fruition of the UGS. Based on these findings, BM can be useful for both socioecological research and supporting people-centred and place-based public policies. BM can support landscape planners and decision-makers with empirical evidence on the relationship between space design and its uses.