Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2020-10"
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- Effectiveness of virtual reality games for falls, postural oscillations, pain and quality of life of individual HAM/TSP: a randomized, controlled, clinical trialPublication . Patrício, Naiane Araújo; Vidal, Diogo Guedes; Pinto, Elen Beatriz; Sá, Katia Nunes; Baptista, Abrahão FontesPeople with HTLV-1 associated myelopathy or tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) have sensorimotor losses and postural instability, resulting in frequent falls. These findings stimulate the use of exercise protocols associated with postural control. This study investigated the effectiveness of a balance training exercise protocol through a virtual game. This is a randomized crossover clinical trial performed in subjects with imbalance disorders (HAM/TSP). To evaluate postural oscillations by baropodometry (total area, anterior, posterior and lateral projection), the Footwork® system was used and by cinemetry (angle of the body, hip and ankle alignment in the lateral view), the CVMob system. In addition, the Brief Pain Inventory and the WHOQoL Bref were used to measure pain intensity and quality of life. Comparison tests of the averages (intra and inter groups) and correlations were applied considering an alpha of 5% and power of 80%. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Catholic University of Salvador and registered in the Clinical Trials database (NCT02877030). The final sample consisted of 26, predominantly female subjects. An increase in the postural oscillations of the control subjects (p < 0.05), a reduction in the occurrence of falls (p = 0.039) and an improvement in the quality of life of the control-test group (p < 0.05) were observed. Virtual game training did not improve the static balance, promoting an increase in postural oscillations. Immediately after the application of the protocol, there was a reduction in fall occurrence and improvement in the quality of life.
- Prevalence of nursing diagnostics in oil industry workers in Bahia, BrazilPublication . Viterbo, Lilian Monteiro Ferrari; Bonfim Silva, Ingrid; Leite, Jamile Santos Ferreira; Vidal, Diogo Guedes; De Moura, Andreia; Dinis, Maria Alzira PimentaOBJECTIVE: to describe the prevalence of nursing diagnostics and to analyse differences between the groups according to the indicator created from the diagnoses and intervention of the CIPE® relating to job satisfaction. METHOD: 869 workers attending the occupational health assessments of an oil industry with nurse practitioners, using a data collection form to support clinical reasoning in the definition of diagnostics and intervention, with CIPE®. Data collected were grouped into five indicators: food aspects, interpersonal relationships, physical health, health behaviours and working conditions. RESULTS: 13 types of diagnoses and 18 interventions were mapped, being the most prevalent "job satisfaction" (85.0 %) and "promoting healthy relationship and communication techniques" (76.3 %), respectively. The student's t-test was used to compare scores of the five indicators between the groups. The "satisfied at work" revealed better interpersonal relationships (p < 0.001). The group intervened with the initiative "to promote healthy relationships and communication techniques and to encourage healthy relationships" demonstrates better interpersonal relationships (p < 0.01) and better physical health (p < 0.05). The best working conditions (p < 0.01) were identified in the group subject to "other interventions". CONCLUSION: structured performance of the nurse practitioner in the worker healthcare enables the development of strategies aimed at implementing improvements within organizational aspects of the nursing work.
- Risk factors for psychopathy in a sample of institutionalized adolescent offendersPublication . Cardoso, Rui; Caridade, Sónia; Dinis, Maria Alzira PimentaIntroduction: Juvenile delinquency is an increasingly worrying issue in society, assuming increasing visibility and public recognition. Antisocial and persistent behaviour is early revealed in many individuals through certain characteristics that will later lead them to become involved in delinquency, as well as crime in general. So, children and adolescents exhibiting these same characteristics, are seen as socially inadequate, since their mechanisms of interaction and problem solving are also socially inadequate. Various factors such as culture, family socialization practices and the child's temperament may maximize or minimize the probability of such behaviour to occur. It is therefore essential to recognise these risk factors in the lives of these adolescents as early as possible, in an attempt to reduce adult crime. Method: Qualitative study, through the analysis of fourteen cases of institutionalized adolescent offenders, aged between 14 and 17 years. The analysis of the presence of risk indicators for the development of psychopathy, which appear associated with deviant and maladaptive attitudes and behaviours during adolescence, was the main objective. Results: It was found that many of these adolescents have many risk factors for antisocial behaviour that could evolve (e.g., absence of guilt towards their actions, lack of empathy towards the victims, irresponsibility and impulsiveness), which may lead to the rooting of unacceptable norms of social conduct, initiating a delinquent way of life. Discussion and conclusions: The presence of traits of coldness and emotional insensitivity, such as impulsiveness and irresponsibility, as well as the dimensions of grandiosity and manipulation, are shown to be present through the absence of guilt or remorse, absence of empathy and superficial affection, which later in adulthood may give rise to deviant and delinquent behaviour. For a better understanding of the phenomenon, it is expected to identify antisocial behaviours in adolescents through this study, as well as risk factors that demonstrate that specific characteristics may evolve to more serious delinquent behaviours.
- Nurses’ mental health during the covid-19 outbreak: a cross-sectional studyPublication . Sampaio, Francisco; Sequeira, Carlos; Teixeira, L.Objective: To describe nurses’ mental health status during the Covid-19 outbreak and to explore the factors that might accentuate the negative consequences on their mental health. Methods: We conducted an online survey to evaluate demographic variables, working conditions, family dynamics, and mental health variables in nurses working in healthcare settings, in Portugal, during the Covid-19 outbreak. Results: Portuguese nurses presented higher depression, anxiety and stress levels, when compared to the Portuguese general population, during the outbreak. Overall, nurses who did not consider the quantity and quality of personal protective equipment as adequate presented significantly higher levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. Conclusions: Our results suggest that nurses’ mental health status seems to be particularly affected by the Covid-19 outbreak and that some modifiable elements might accentuate the impacts on their mental health.
- Projeto Ciberfilosofia: uma nova perspetiva de estudo da filosofia da tecnologia para o contexto de transformação e construção da cultura digitalPublication . Araújo, Paulo; Gouveia, Luis BorgesConstruir perspetivas inovadoras, visando a disrupção antecipando novos contextos e teorias, descobertas em uma investigação de doutoramento, constitui a base desse relatório. Resultado de um projeto de investigação que concorreu e foi vitorioso no concurso do edital do Programa Institucional de Incentivo à Pesquisa Docente (PIBD) do Instituto Santo Tomas de Aquino – ISTA, Brasil. Concurso programa, vinculado ao curso de Filosofia na instituição. Ele apresenta um novo problema para a constituição de um novo campo de investigação na filosofia, a partir da seguinte indagação: Quais as questões filosóficas intrínsecas ao contexto de transformação digital, e de que maneira podemos contribuir para a passagem de uma filosofia da tecnologia à Ciberfilosofia voltada à cultura de produção e do uso da tecnologia digital? O prepósito do projeto é verificar se os processos de subjetivação, objetivação, intersubjetivação e interconectividade nos contextos de virtualização, desenvolvidos por Lévy e Habermas e outros autores, oferecem um quadro interpretativo para a construção de um novo campo de investigação na filosofia, a que intitulamos Ciberfilosofia. A metodologia a ser empregue será a bibliográfica, visto que se pretende investigar as teorias filosóficas constituídas e apresentar uma fundamentação inovadora, na condição de uma abertura de perspetiva para a construção de uma lente interpretativa para a filosofia contemporânea.
- Mental health profile in onshore oil industry workers in Bahia, Brazil: outcomes of a mental health programPublication . Viterbo, Lilian Monteiro Ferrari; Vidal, Diogo Guedes; Costa, André Santana; Dinis, Maria Alzira PimentaThis study aimed to assess the application of the Brazilian version of the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) to 603 oil industry workers in Bahia, Brazil, as well as to investigate the association of findings with psychiatric disorders and work-related absenteeism. This descriptive, retrospective research was conducted during the occupational health assessments in 2018. The sample consisted of men (90.7 %), aged 50-59 years (47.5 %) and with complete high school education (64.7 %). Associations between the level and symptoms of stress and psychiatric disorders (p < 0.05) and absenteeism (p < 0.05) were also found. In the depressive-anxious mood field, it was found that 41 % of women and 31.2 % of men felt nervous, tense or worried (p < 0.05), and that 10.5 % of men and 16.4 % of women had been sad lately (p < 0.05).
- Court decisions, gender role and female crime: Judicial (dis)paritiesPublication . Dinis, Maria Alzira Pimenta; Caridade, SóniaIntroduction: For years, crime investigation did not consider female, given the reduced involvement in the practice of criminal behaviour. However, official data from the past few years has been challenging this impression, documenting an increase in crime perpetrated by women, all over the world. Social perceptions about women continue to be imbued with gender stereotypes (e.g., fragile, weak, more credible, maternal) that make female incompatible with the role of offender. Women are commonly perceived as playing the role of the victim and the man is usually considered the offender. This under-representation or even relativization of female criminal conduct tends to interfere with the performance of law professionals and the criminal justice system itself, also influencing the design of prevention/intervention policies. Method: Using a qualitative methodology, the present study sought to identify the factors that are considered by the judicial professionals in the analysis of female criminal conduct, seeking to understand how gender stereotypes may influence the attribution of judicial sentences. To this end, a total of ten court sentences involving women with criminal conduct, aged between 18 and 42 years old (M = 30.5; SD = 12.26) were collected and analysed. Results: In terms of results, previous criminal experience, modus operandi, perception of criminal responsibility, degree of illegality, as well as the sociodemographic characteristics of the victims, were identified as important variables in the judicial decision-making process. Discussion and conclusions: The criminal justice system doesn't seem to be oblivious of the influence of some gender stereotypes, which, under certain circumstances, appear to promote unequal treatment practices in situations involving women as a criminal agent. It is expected that this study may contribute to the deconstruction of some prescriptions, historically attributed to women (e.g., the greatest female vulnerability, the pathologization of the offending woman, among others) and may contribute to promote changes in the way judicial professionals face and judge the offender female, encouraging a greater judicial equity.
- Projeto de criação de um ecossistema de apoio digital para o Centro de Referência e Apoio a Educação Inclusiva (CRAEI)Publication . Araújo, Paulo; Gouveia, Luis BorgesO projeto de criação de um ecosistema digital é composto pela infraestrutura de lógica de rede, pelo equipamento de informática, pelas tecnologias assistivas e pelo estúdio de produção de áudio vídeo para o CRAEI – Centro De Referência e Apoio a Educação Inclusiva. No entanto, não inclui os aspetos de comunicação, sensibilização, formação técnica e as competências para a sua exploração. O objetivo é proporcionar um laboratório que viabiliza um aprofundamento das práticas digitais no contexto do CRAEI. Este relatório interno apresenta de forma sucinta e sistematizada a lista de compras e os requisitos essenciais para a criação de um ecossistema digital que permita a adoção de práticas de base digital, o desenvolvimento de uma autonomia no seu uso e exploração pelos diferentes atores do CRAEI.
- Alveolite em dentes molares como complicação pós exodontia em pacientes diabéticos versus saudáveis - revisão narrativaPublication . Godeau, André; Arcanjo, AlexandraA alveolite é uma das complicações pós-extração mais comum na área da cirurgia em Medicina Dentária. As complicações pós-exodonticas podem ocorrer em todo o tipo de pacientes embora haja grupos mais predisponentes ou cuja complicação tenha um grau de maior gravidade. Um desses grupos são os pacientes diabéticos. Tendo em vista a diminuição da probabilidade de ocorrência de complicações pós-cirúrgicas a evolução da Medicina Dentária levou a uma melhoria dos cuidados pré, intra e pós-operatórios. Objetivo: - Abordar a melhor forma de minimizar as consequências e complicações do pós-operatório nos pacientes diabéticos e saudáveis. - Entender quais são os fatores de risco a ter em consideração - Determinar se os pacientes diabéticos apresentam maior risco de ter alveolite. - Quais as precauções a ter nesses mesmos pacientes.
- Mothers as victims of intimate partner violence: the decision to leave or stay and resilience-oriented interventionPublication . Sani, Ana Isabel; Pereira, DoraThis paper presents a qualitative study to understand the reasons for leaving or staying in an abusive relationship and how this informs planning for psychosocial interventions with victims. We present a study of 15 Portuguese women with children who were victims of intimate partner violence (IPV). The sample consisted of women, helped by a Victim Support Office, who volunteered to participate in a semi-structured interview and whose narrative responses were recorded and transcribed for analysis. The results, organized into two broad categories, reveal that the reasons for staying in the abusive relationship are essentially related to extrinsic factors (e.g., children, the aggressor, society), which reinforces myths (e.g., marriage is for life) and makes it difficult to break the cycle of violence. However, the decision to leave the abusive relationship is also based on the same factors which, when reconceptualized and empowered, contribute to the intrinsic recognition of the problem and the decision-making process. We find that the resilience portfolio model, which focuses on three major factors (self-regulation, interpersonal forces, and construction of meaning), favors the identification of protective factors that can guide interventions for individuals facing situations of adversity such as IPV.