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  • A study on empathy and positive mental health among Portuguese adults
    Publication . Bolzoni, Coralie; Fonte, Carla; Cunha, Pedro
    Empathy and Positive Mental Health (PMH) represent two fundamental dimensions of psychological functioning and interpersonal relationships. Empathy is recognized as an essential skill for social adaptation and the quality of human interactions, according to the dimensions of empathy proposed by Davis (1983) : Perspective Taking, Empathic Concern, Personal Distress, and Fantasy. PMH is conceptualized as a multidimensional construct encompassing Emotional, Social, and Psychological Well-Being, as proposed by Keyes (2002). However, the relationships between empathy and PMH remain insufficiently explored within the Portuguese adult population. The present study aimed to examine the associations between the different dimensions of empathy and PMH in a sample of Portuguese adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenience sample of 724 participants aged 18 years and older. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire assessing the dimensions of empathy using the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) and the components of PMH using the Mental Health Continuum–Short Form (MHC-SF). Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analyses, multiple linear regression, independent-samples t tests, and analyses of variance (ANOVA). The results revealed significant associations between several dimensions of empathy and the components of PMH. Perspective taking and empathic concern were positively associated with Emotional, Social and Psychological Well-Being, whereas Personal Distress showed weaker and, in some cases, negative associations with Well-Being indicators. Significant differences were also observed according to several sociodemographic characteristics, including sex, age, parental status, leadership experience, marital status, and occupational status. However, most of the observed effect sizes were small to moderate. These results highlight the importance of empathy as a psychological resource associated with PMH. This study contributes to a better understanding of the relationship between empathic capacities and Well-Being among Portuguese adults and may inform the development of mental health promotion strategies in Portugal. From a clinical and health psychology perspective, these results highlight the importance of empathy as a psychological resource that promotes emotional adjustment, enhances the quality of interpersonal relationships, and contributes to Overall Well-Being.
    2026-07-28Dissertação de mestrado Acesso aberto Ver mais