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Hábitos orais parafuncionais infantis: repercussões na cavidade oral – investigação
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Abstract(s)
Objetivos: Determinar a prevalência de hábitos orais deletérios e anomalias de oclusão e relacionar a presença desses hábitos com a presença de anomalias de oclusão.
Métodos: Foi realizado um questionário presencial para pais/responsáveis legais de crianças com idades compreendidas entre os 3 e os 5 anos de idade. Posteriormente foi realizado um exame clínico oral no infantário a todas as crianças participantes no estudo. O foco principal do questionário, tanto como, o exame clínico oral, foi perceber a existência dos hábitos orais e as consequências que daí advém, tentando perceber quais os fatores que podem desencadear repercussões na cavidade oral. A análise de dados foi realizada no programa IBM© SPSS© Statistics vs. 25.0 (p=0,05).
Resultados: Foram obtidas 40 respostas, tanto no questionário, como no exame clínico oral. Das 40 crianças, 17 (42,4%) referiram ter hábitos orais, sendo a chupeta o hábito mais frequente (31,8%). Relativamente às anomalias oclusais encontradas 12 (30%) crianças apresentavam mordida aberta, 11 (27,5%) apresentavam mordida cruzada unilateral e 2 (5%) apresentavam mordida cruzada bilateral. Verificamos que, das 14 crianças que usavam chupeta 10 (71,4%) apresentavam Classe II de Angle (p<0,001) e 10 (83,3%) apresentavam mordida aberta (p=0,019).
Conclusão: Dos hábitos orais deletérios encontrados neste estudo o mais frequente foi a sução da chupeta. Nas anomalias de oclusão encontramos mordida aberta e mordida cruzada posterior. Existe correlação positiva na presença dos hábitos orais deletérios e anomalias de oclusão. A identificação destes hábitos orais pelo médico dentista é essencial para uma correta intervenção e um tratamento eficaz.
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of deleterious oral habits and occlusion anomalies and to relate the presence of these habits with the presence of occlusion anomalies. Methods: A face-to-face questionnaire was administered to parents/legal guardians of children aged from 3 to 5 years. Subsequently, an oral clinical examination was performed in the kindergarten on all children participating in the study. The main focus of the questionnaire, as well as the oral clinical examination, was to understand the existence of oral habits and the consequences that arise from them, trying to understand which factors may provoke repercussions in the oral cavity. Data analysis was done in IBM© SPSS© Statistics vs. 25.0 program (p=0.05). Results: Forty responses were obtained both in the questionnaire and in the oral clinical examination. Of the 40 children, 17 (42.5%) mentioned having oral habits with pacifiers as the most frequent habit. Regarding the occlusal anomalies found, 12 (30%) children presented open bite, 11 (27.5%) presented unilateral crossbite and 2 (5%) presented bilateral crossbite. We verified that from the 14 children who used pacifiers, 10 (71,4%) presented Angle Class II (p<0,001) and 10 (83,3%) presented open bite (p=0,019). Conclusion: Of the deleterious oral habits found in this study, the most frequent was the sucking of pacifiers. In the occlusion anomalies we found open bite and posterior crossbite. There is a positive correlation in the presence of deleterious oral habits and occlusion anomalies. The identification of these oral habits by the dentist is essential for correct intervention and effective treatment.
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of deleterious oral habits and occlusion anomalies and to relate the presence of these habits with the presence of occlusion anomalies. Methods: A face-to-face questionnaire was administered to parents/legal guardians of children aged from 3 to 5 years. Subsequently, an oral clinical examination was performed in the kindergarten on all children participating in the study. The main focus of the questionnaire, as well as the oral clinical examination, was to understand the existence of oral habits and the consequences that arise from them, trying to understand which factors may provoke repercussions in the oral cavity. Data analysis was done in IBM© SPSS© Statistics vs. 25.0 program (p=0.05). Results: Forty responses were obtained both in the questionnaire and in the oral clinical examination. Of the 40 children, 17 (42.5%) mentioned having oral habits with pacifiers as the most frequent habit. Regarding the occlusal anomalies found, 12 (30%) children presented open bite, 11 (27.5%) presented unilateral crossbite and 2 (5%) presented bilateral crossbite. We verified that from the 14 children who used pacifiers, 10 (71,4%) presented Angle Class II (p<0,001) and 10 (83,3%) presented open bite (p=0,019). Conclusion: Of the deleterious oral habits found in this study, the most frequent was the sucking of pacifiers. In the occlusion anomalies we found open bite and posterior crossbite. There is a positive correlation in the presence of deleterious oral habits and occlusion anomalies. The identification of these oral habits by the dentist is essential for correct intervention and effective treatment.
Description
Keywords
Sucção digital Sucção da chupeta Sucção não nutritiva Hábitos orais deletérios Odontopediatria Crianças Digital sucking Pacifier sucking Non-nutritive sucking Deleterious oral habits Pediatric dentistry Children