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Implantes pós-extração: fatores biológicos condicionantes da osteointegração e da cicatrização – revisão sistemática
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| 38256 | 438.72 KB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
Os implantes pós-extração representam uma solução eficaz para a reabilitação da cavidade oral de pacientes com perda parcial ou total de dentes. No entanto, podem surgir complicações biológicas que são um problema na prática clínica. Estas resultam da doença peri-implantar que afeta os tecidos em redor do implante e que pode apresentar duas fases diferentes: mucosite e peri-implantite. Desta forma, torna-se fundamental o diagnóstico precoce das infeções peri-implantares para garantir o sucesso a longo prazo do implante e prevenir a patologia da doença, sendo que as estratégias terapêuticas devem ser cuidadosamente selecionadas com base nas características especificas do paciente e do implante.
Objetivo/Questão de investigação: Esta tese tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão sistemática que possa responder à questão de investigação “Que complicações biológicas ocorrem mais frequentemente nos implantes pós-extração?”
Métodos: A pesquisa bibliográfica foi elaborada, mediante a procura de publicações científicas, com recurso às bases de dados B-on, PubMed, Cochrane Library e SciELO. Esta pesquisa foi sujeita à aplicação de critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Foram apenas incluídos artigos relacionados com a colocação de implantes em locais frescos pós-extração e complicações.
Resultados: Analisaram-se 8 estudos, sobre a colocação de implantes imediatos em locais pós-extração e as suas complicações biológicas. Os parâmetros observados foram descritos.
Conclusão: A colocação de implantes imediatos pode representar um protocolo confiável e eficaz pois apesar de apresentar um maior risco de falha do implante quando comparado com a colocação de implantes tardios, as taxas de sobrevivência são elevadas para ambos os procedimentos.
Palavras-chave: "implantes dentários", "implantes pós-extracção", "complicações biológicas", "mucosite", "peri-implantite" Introduction: Post-extraction implants represent an effective solution for the rehabilitation of the oral cavity of patients with partial or total loss of teeth. However, biological complications may arise that are a problem in clinical practice. These result from peri-implant disease that affects the tissues around the implant and that can present two different phases: mucositis and peri-implantitis. Thus, the early diagnosis of peri-implant infections is essential to ensure the long-term success of the implant and prevent the pathology of the disease, and therapeutic strategies should be carefully selected based on the specific characteristics of the patient and the implant. Objective/Research Question: This thesis aims to perform a systematic review that can answer the research question "What biological complications occur most frequently in post-extraction implants?" Methods: The bibliographic research was elaborated by searching for scientific publications, using the databases B-on, PubMed, Cochrane Library and SciELO. This research was subject to the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Only articles related to the placement of implants in cool post-extraction sites and complications were included. Results: We analyzed 8 studies on the placement of immediate implants in post-extraction sites and their biological complications. The observed parameters were described. Conclusion: The placement of immediate implants can represent a reliable and effective protocol because despite presenting a higher risk of implant failure when compared to the placement of late implants, survival rates are high for both procedures.
Palavras-chave: "implantes dentários", "implantes pós-extracção", "complicações biológicas", "mucosite", "peri-implantite" Introduction: Post-extraction implants represent an effective solution for the rehabilitation of the oral cavity of patients with partial or total loss of teeth. However, biological complications may arise that are a problem in clinical practice. These result from peri-implant disease that affects the tissues around the implant and that can present two different phases: mucositis and peri-implantitis. Thus, the early diagnosis of peri-implant infections is essential to ensure the long-term success of the implant and prevent the pathology of the disease, and therapeutic strategies should be carefully selected based on the specific characteristics of the patient and the implant. Objective/Research Question: This thesis aims to perform a systematic review that can answer the research question "What biological complications occur most frequently in post-extraction implants?" Methods: The bibliographic research was elaborated by searching for scientific publications, using the databases B-on, PubMed, Cochrane Library and SciELO. This research was subject to the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Only articles related to the placement of implants in cool post-extraction sites and complications were included. Results: We analyzed 8 studies on the placement of immediate implants in post-extraction sites and their biological complications. The observed parameters were described. Conclusion: The placement of immediate implants can represent a reliable and effective protocol because despite presenting a higher risk of implant failure when compared to the placement of late implants, survival rates are high for both procedures.
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Keywords
Implantes dentários Implantes pós-extracção Complicações biológicas Mucosite Peri-implantite Dental implants Post-extractive implants Biological complications Mucositis Peri-implantitis