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A associação entre periodontite e artrite reumatoide: revisão narrativa
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Abstract(s)
A periodontite é uma doença inflamatória que afeta as estruturas de suporte dos dentes e é induzida pela presença de um biofilme microbiano na superfície dos dentes. A artrite reumatoide é uma doença inflamatória crónica das articulações que se desenvolve em surtos. É uma doença autoimune, mas vários fatores imunológicos, genéticos, hormonais e ambientais são necessários para o seu aparecimento. Esta revisão narrativa pretende evidenciar que as duas doenças estão intimamente relacionadas, apesar de uma pertencer à área odontológica e a outra ser uma patologia da área reumatológica. Com efeito, estão relacionadas a nível genético, imunológico e ambiental e através dos respetivos tratamentos. Desta forma é de grande importância, compreender melhor as suas possíveis associações entre as duas patologias, de modo a permitir melhorar o atendimento destes pacientes, proporcionando um tratamento correto, integrado e coordenado em equipa com o reumatologista.
Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that affects the supporting structures of the teeth and is induced by the presence of a microbial biofilm on the surface of the teeth. Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the joints that develops in flare-ups. It is an autoimmune disease, but several immunological, genetic, hormonal and environmental factors are necessary for its onset. This narrative review pretends to show that the two diseases are closely related, although one belongs to the dental field and the other is a pathology of the rheumatological field. Indeed, they are related at the genetic, immunological and environmental levels, and through their respective treatments. Therefore, a better understanding of their associations at all these levels may allow us to improve the management (attitudes, care), in a team with the rheumatologist, of patients who simultaneously suffer from periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis, the latter being already a carrier of chronic inflammatory disease which impairs his daily life.
Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that affects the supporting structures of the teeth and is induced by the presence of a microbial biofilm on the surface of the teeth. Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the joints that develops in flare-ups. It is an autoimmune disease, but several immunological, genetic, hormonal and environmental factors are necessary for its onset. This narrative review pretends to show that the two diseases are closely related, although one belongs to the dental field and the other is a pathology of the rheumatological field. Indeed, they are related at the genetic, immunological and environmental levels, and through their respective treatments. Therefore, a better understanding of their associations at all these levels may allow us to improve the management (attitudes, care), in a team with the rheumatologist, of patients who simultaneously suffer from periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis, the latter being already a carrier of chronic inflammatory disease which impairs his daily life.
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Keywords
Periodontitis Rheumatoid arthritis Relationship Porphyromonas gingivalis Inflammatory mediators