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- Detection of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA/MSSA) in surfaces of dental medicine equipmentPublication . Gonçalves, Eva; Carvalhal, Rui; Mesquita, Rita; Azevedo, Joana; Coelho, Maria João; Magalhães, Ricardo; Ferraz, Maria Pia; Manso, M. Conceição; Gavinha, Sandra; Pina, Cristina Maria San Román Gomes de; Cardoso, Inês LopesMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) represents one of the major causes of nosocomial infections, leading to high mortality. Surfaces in clinics, as well as the attending uniform and the hands of the dental doctor can be MRSA reservoirs. Having this in mind, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and MRSA on dental medicine equipment surfaces. 354 Samples were collected from six equipment surfaces in six attendance areas before and after patient consultation and cultured in a selective medium. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used to confirm the identity of bacterial strains as MRSA or MSSA. Data analysis was performed with chi-square tests with Bonferroni correction. It was observed 55.6% of uncontaminated samples. Contamination was: 17.5% MRSA (5.9% of samples collected before patient attendance and 11.6% after); 39.3% MSSA (14.1% collected before and 25.2% after). The prevalence of MRSA and MSSA was significantly higher after patient care. Integrated Clinic represented the most contaminated attendance area (MRSA 41.7%, MSSA 51.2%), the chair arm rest was the most contaminated surface for MRSA (29.7%) and the dental spittoon the most contaminated surface for MSSA (23.5%). Although a low level of contamination was observed, dental clinics, through patients possibly carrying bacteria, may be reservoirs for MRSA and MSSA transmission, and might contribute to potential nosocomial infections.
- Prevalence of antibiotic (ß-lactams, tetracycline, metronidazole, erythromycin) resistance genes in periodontic infectionsPublication . Freitas, Daniel; Gonçalves, Lara; Coelho, Maria João; Ferraz, Maria Pia; Magalhães, Ricardo; Pina, Cristina Maria San Román Gomes de; Cardoso, Inês LopesObjective: Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia are thought to be pathogens in adult periodontitis. Antibiotherapy is usually needed in the treatment of periodontitis being often prescribed empirically. To allow prescription of a specific antibiotic treatment, identification of resistance genes should be performed. The aim of this study was the identification of the presence of TetM, TetQ, TEM, cfxA, MefA, ErmB and Nim resistance genes in previously identified P. intermedia and P. gingivalis isolated from samples collected from periodontal infections. Method: PCR was used for the identification of TetM, TetQ, TEM, cfxA, MefA, ErmB and Nim resistance genes in strains isolated from samples collected from periodontal infections. Results: It was seen that 8% of isolates had one of the tested tetracycline resistance genes. A total of 32% of β-lactamases resistance genes was observed in isolated strains. It was also observed that 2% of isolates had one of the analysed erythromycin resistance genes. None of the isolates showed the presence of the metronidazole resistance gene. Conclusions: Most strains harboring β-lactamase resistance genes had been previously identified as P. intermedia. No tetracycline resistance gene and a very low percentage of β-lactamase resistance genes were observed in P. gingivalis strains.
- Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus among nursing students during curricular internshipPublication . Ferraz, Maria Pia; Magalhães, Ricardo; Pina, Cristina Maria San Román Gomes de; Coelho, Maria João; Cardoso, Inês Lopes
- Identification of nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus among nursing students during curricular clinical internships: an observational studyPublication . Coelho, Maria João; Magalhães, Ricardo; Cardoso, Inês Lopes; Pina, Cristina Maria San Román Gomes de; Ferraz, Maria PiaStaphylococcus aureusis considered one of the most frequently isolated bacteria in the community and in the hospital environment, beingassociated with several infections.Healthcare professionalsrepresent a group vulnerable to Staphylococcus aureus and MRSAcolonization, therefore being potential disseminators of these microorganisms during their care activities.The aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of S. aureusand MRSA nasal colonization among nursing students over the four years of university attendance, including pre-clinical exposure and at different moments during clinical rotations. Samples were collected from students from the 1st, 2nd, 3rdand 4thyear. The study identified 55.9% MSSA positive samples and 31.4% MRSA positive samplesfrom the total studied population. Simultaneous carriage of MRSA and MSSA was observed in students from all years of the nursing degree, but a highest MSSA colonization (61.5%) was linked to a lower MRSA colonization (30.8%). MRSA colonization seems to be dependent on the type of clinical internship, since the group attending internship in emergency rooms and surgery wards presented a significant increase in the amount of MRSA samples. Nursing students should be educated on the risks involved in carrying S.aureus and MRSA and informed about infection control measures.
- Identification of TEM, CfxA, TetM and TetQ genes in periodontic infectionsPublication . Freitas, D; Gonçalves, L; Cunha, S; Magalhães, Ricardo; Ferraz, Maria Pia; Coelho, Maria João; Pina, Cristina Maria San Román Gomes de; Cardoso, Inês Lopes
- Is MRSA/MSSA a contamination risk on surfaces of the dental equipment?Publication . Gonçalves, Eva; Carvalhal, Rui; Mesquita, Rita; Azevedo, Joana; Coelho, Maria João; Magalhães, Ricardo; Ferraz, Maria Pia; Manso, M. Conceição; Gavinha, Sandra; Cardoso, Inês Lopes; Pina, Cristina Maria San Román Gomes de
- Cerium and gentamicin antibacterial activity on loaded calcium-phosphates microspheresPublication . Ferraz, Maria Pia; Caetana, Vanessa; Soares, Stephanie; Coelho, Maria João; Cardoso, Inês Lopes; Magalhães, Ricardo; Pina, Cristina Maria San Román Gomes de; M A Lopes